Friedman-like test for a two-way layout with an equal number (cc>1) of replications per cell See Section 7.9 in the text (Hollander & Wolfe 2nd edn) Test for consistency across 4 Laboratories for amounts of niacin detected in enriched bran flakes Data Source: Campbell and Pelletier (1962) (See Table 7.20 in text, page 331.) k=4 treatment groups, n=3 blocks, and c=3 replications per (treatment,block) combination Total number of observations: 4*3*3 = 36 Starting random-number seed: 12345 (Enter a number on the command line to specify a different seed.) Using 100,000 permutations in permutation tests. Low Enrichment Med Enrichment High Enrichment Lab1: 7.58 7.87 7.71 11.63 11.87 11.40 15.00 15.92 15.58 (Av=11.62) Lab2: 8.00 8.27 8.00 12.20 11.70 11.80 16.60 16.40 15.90 (Av=12.10) Lab3: 7.60 7.30 7.82 11.04 11.50 11.49 15.87 15.91 16.28 (Av=11.65) Lab4: 8.03 7.35 7.66 11.50 10.10 11.70 15.10 14.80 15.70 (Av=11.33) Midranks within blocks (1 le Midrank le 12): Low Enrichment Med Enrichment High Enrichment Lab1: 3 8 6 7 11 3 2 9 4 (AvR= 5.89) Lab2: 9.5 12 9.5 12 8.5 10 12 11 7 (AvR=10.17) Lab3: 4 1 7 2 5.5 4 6 8 10 (AvR= 5.28) Lab4: 11 2 5 5.5 1 8.5 3 1 5 (AvR= 4.67) Mack-Skilling test statistic MS=12.927 Large-sample chi-square approx P-value: P=0.00480 (df=3) Rank sums (for the 4 treatments): 53 91.5 47.5 42 Permutation score = Sum of squares of treatment-group rank sums = 15201.5 Carrying out 100,000 Friedman-like permutations to estimate the exact P-value for permutation score 15201.5: P = 236/100000 = 0.00236 95% CI (0.0021, 0.0024, 0.0027) Multiple comparisons based on Mack-Skillings S differences: Approximate multiple-comparison-corrected P-values for treatment differences based on the normal-range statistic for k=4 normals (based on 100,000 simulations): Lab1 vs. Lab2: Sdiff=12.83 P = 5613/100,000 = 0.05613 Lab1 vs. Lab3: Sdiff= 1.83 P = 98367/100,000 = 0.98367 Lab1 vs. Lab4: Sdiff= 3.67 P = 88812/100,000 = 0.88812 Lab2 vs. Lab3: Sdiff=14.67 P = 2046/100,000 = 0.02046 (*) Lab2 vs. Lab4: Sdiff=16.50 P = 670/100,000 = 0.00670 (**) Lab3 vs. Lab4: Sdiff= 1.83 P = 98367/100,000 = 0.98367 Using 100,000 sets of within-block permutations to simulate the exact multiple-comparison-corrected P-values for all pairwise differences: Lab #1 vs. #2: Sdiff=12.83 P = 1065/100,000 = 0.01065 (*) Lab #1 vs. #3: Sdiff= 1.83 P = 73547/100,000 = 0.73547 Lab #1 vs. #4: Sdiff= 3.67 P = 48552/100,000 = 0.48552 Lab #2 vs. #3: Sdiff=14.67 P = 314/100,000 = 0.00314 (**) Lab #2 vs. #4: Sdiff=16.50 P = 87/100,000 = 0.00087 (**) Lab #3 vs. #4: Sdiff= 1.83 P = 73524/100,000 = 0.73524 Random numbers used: 7,109,110